What is a common effect of polypharmacy in elderly patients?

Polypharmacy, which refers to the concurrent use of multiple medications by a patient, particularly among the elderly, is associated with a higher risk of adverse drug reactions. This increased risk arises due to several factors commonly observed in older adults, including altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, which can affect how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated in the body. Additionally, older adults often have comorbidities requiring multiple medications, which can lead to drug-drug interactions, further compounding the risks.

The cumulative effect of taking multiple medications can also lead to issues such as medication non-adherence, confusion, and an increased likelihood of falls or hospitalization due to side effects. Recognizing this risk is crucial for healthcare providers to manage medications carefully, regularly review prescriptions, and monitor patients appropriately for adverse effects. Reducing polypharmacy when possible and ensuring that each medication is necessary for the patient's health is an essential aspect of geriatric care.